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黄智勇 Zachary Y Huang
Department of Entomology
Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane Rm 243, East Lansing, MI 48824
Phone: 517-353-8136, Email: bees@msu.edu, Web : http://bees.msu.edu
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终身教授, åšå¯¼
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1988Â Â Â Ph.D., Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Canada
1982Â Â Â B.Sc, Entomology and phytopathology, Hunan Agricultural University
ç»åŽ†
07/04 to present   副教授(with Tenure), Dept. of Entomology, Michigan State University
11/98 to 06/04      助ç†æ•™æŽˆ, Dept of Entomology, Michigan State University
08/93 to 10/98Â Â Â Â Â Â é«˜çº§ç ”ç©¶å‘˜, Department of Entomology, University of Illinois
03/90 to 07/93      åšå£«åŽ, Dept of Entomology, University of Illinois
08/88 to 02/90      åšå£«åŽ, Dept of Entomology, University of Missouri
主è¦å¦æœ¯ä»»èŒ
美国农业部ä¸åŒ—部蜜蜂项目主å¸(NCR202), 2004—2005
美国昆虫å¦ä¼š(ESA)蜜蜂和社会昆虫组(Cb)秘书,副主å¸ï¼Œä¸»å¸ï¼›1999-2001
海外ä¸å›½æ˜†è™«å¦å®¶å会主å¸, 2000 海外生æ€å¦å®¶å会副主å¸, 1990
全美蜜蜂科å¦å®¶å¦ä¼šä¸»å¸(American Association of Professional Apiculturists), 2013
美国ä¸è¥¿éƒ¨å…»èœ‚å会 (Heartland Apicultural Society)董事会主å¸ï¼Œ2012-3017
æ˜†è™«ç§‘å¦ (Insect Science) 编委
Scientific Reports (Natureå刊)编委
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会员
American Association for the Advanced of Sciences
American Association for Professional Apiculturists
Entomological Society of America
Eastern Apicultural Society (Life Member)
International Union for the Study of Social Insects
Michigan Beekeepers Association
获奖
Hambleton Award for Research Excellence in Apiculture, Eastern Apicultural Society, 2008
Roger A. Morse Apiculture Lecture, Dept Entomology, Cornell University, 2005
Outstanding mentor, Siemens Westinghouse Math, Science & Tech. Competition, 2003
Best Proposal Award, Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station, MSU, Oct 2001
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国际ç»åŽ†
Teaching beekeeping in France (2002), Nepal (2007), Haiti (2011), Bangladesh (2012), and China
Scientific presentations in Australia, China, France, Germany, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, South Africa, Turkey, Spain
æ€»ç§‘ç ”ç»è´¹
About $2.5 million total (2.5百万美元)
主è¦é¡¹ç›®
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Project (-grantor) |
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PI(s) |
Begin
Date |
End
Date |
Total
Award |
Huang
Award |
|||
2016 | ||||||||
Protecting Pollinators with Economically Feasible and Environmentally Sound Ornamental Horticulture—NIFA-SCRI | Huang | 8/1/16 | 8/30/20 | $5 mill | $180,000 | |||
Indoor rearing of honey bees
-UIUC via DARPA |
Huang | 4/1/16 | 3/31/18 | $2.3 mill | $163,188 | |||
2015 | ||||||||
Using vaccines to increase pollinator health: testing a honey bee Nosema vaccine
-NIFA exploratory grant |
J. Nieh,
Huang |
5/1/16 | 4/31/19 | $100,000 | $37,245 | |||
Changes in Pesticide Residues in Honey and Pollen in Michigan
-Bayer Crop Science |
Huang | 4/01/14 | 9/01/16 | $21,924 | $81,569 | |||
2011 | ||||||||
Using RNAi as a method for controlling Varroa destructor
-National Honey Board -Almond Board of California -Foundation for the Preservation of Honey Bees |
Huang
Z.Y. Xi |
5/01/11 | 09/30/12 | $20,190
$17,960 $14,850 |
$20,190
$17,960 $14,850 |
|||
2008 | ||||||||
Sustainable solutions to problems affecting health of managed bees -USDA-CAP |
Huang | 9/01/08 | 8/30/14 | $4.3 mill
(Delaplane) |
$186,000 | |||
2006 | ||||||||
Varroa mite biology and alternative methods for its control
– MSU Project GREEEN |
Huang | 3/01/06 | 6/30/07 | Â $105,000 | $105,000 | |||
2004 | ||||||||
Pyrethroid resistance mechanisms in Arachnids -USDA-NRI | K. Dong
Huang |
3/01/04 | 6/30/05 | Â $145,000 | Â Â Â Â Â $50,000 | |||
2002 | ||||||||
Resistance management of the Varroa mite, the most serious pest of honey bees
– MSU Project GREEEN |
Dong
Huang |
3/01/02 | 9/30/05 | $124,000 | $62,000 | |||
Field test of an alternative method for controlling the most serious honey bee pest, the Varroa mite
– USDA-PMAP |
Huang | 3/01/02 | 9/30/05 | $99,570 | $99,570 | |||
Prototype development of a new device for controlling the most serious honey bee pest, the Varroa mite
– Michigan Universities Commercialization Initiatives (MUCI) Challenge Fund |
Huang | 3/01/02 | 9/30/04 | $30,000 | $30,000 | |||
2001 | ||||||||
The role of melatonin in division of labor in honey bee workers
-Intramural Research Grants Program, MSU |
Huang | 3/01/01 | 9/30/03 | $45,000 | $45,000 | |||
1999 | ||||||||
Infertility of Varroa on Apis cerana worker brood: physiological and genetic mechanisms
– USDA-Scientific Cooperation Program |
Huang | 3/01/99 | 9/30/02 | $30,000 | $30,000 | |||
Varroa mite control in Michigan: resistance, management, resistance mechanism and development of non-pesticide alternatives
– MSU Project GREEEN |
Huang
Dong |
3/01/99 | 6/30/02 | $150,000 | $75,000 | |||
1997 | ||||||||
Mode of action of Nosema apis
-USDA-NRI |
Huang | 9/01/97 | 8/30/01 | $100,000 | $100,000 | |||
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演讲
Presentations at Conferences and Universities
(A total of 245 presentations)
        Extension Presentations
(A total of 354 presentations reaching 27,304 person-hours)
摄影奖
        Second Prize, International Apicultural Photography Contest, 2006
Second Prize, International Apicultural Photography Contest, 2008
Third Place, MSU Global Focus Photography Contest, 2007
First Place, MSU Global Focus Photography Contest, 2010
æ–‡ç«
        SCIæ–‡ç« ï¼š 105 篇, google scholar总引用次数: 5856, H-指数 40, H10-指数 80.
Full publication list: http://bees.msu.edu/pub/
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H指数
Google scholar: 39: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xp-pOcMAAAAJ&hl=en
Research ID: 31: http://www.researcherid.com/rid/D-5485-2011
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High social impact papers, ranked by “Attention scores†by Altmetric, 28 or above represents top 5% in impacts.
Attention scores | Link to altmetric | Title |
78 | https://www.altmetric.com/details/799131 | A Meta-Analysis of Effects of Bt Crops on Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) |
77 | https://www.altmetric.com/details/4085508 | Varroa destructor changes its cuticular hydrocarbons to mimic new hosts |
64 | https://www.altmetric.com/details/8762219 | Why do Varroa mites prefer nurse bees? |
28 | https://www.altmetric.com/details/9562132 | Socially selected ornaments influence hormone titers of signalers and receivers |
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所有SCIæ–‡ç«
105. Li, W., C. Wang, Z.Y. Huang, Y. Chen, R. Han. 2019. Reproduction of distinct Varroa destructor genotypes on honey bee worker brood. Insects. 10:372. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10110372.《ä¸åŒåŸºå› 型狄斯瓦螨在蜜蜂工蜂房ä¸çš„ç¹æ®–》,昆虫,2019.
104. Lau, P., V. Bryant, J.D. Ellis, Z.Y. Huang, J. Sullivan, D.R. Schmehl, A.R. Cabrera, J. Rangel. Seasonal variation of pollen collected by honey bees (Apis mellifera) in developed areas across four regions in the United States. PLOS ONE, 2019; 14 (6): e0217294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217294《美国四个城市化地区蜜蜂采集花粉的å£èŠ‚性å˜åŒ–》,PLOS ONE,2019.
103. Yang, W., C. Li C. Zhang, Z.Y. Huang, X. Miao. 2019. Pathway of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde formation in honey. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 56: 2417–2425. 《蜂蜜ä¸5-羟甲基-2-ç³ é†›å½¢æˆçš„途径》, 食å“科å¦æŠ€æœ¯å¦æŠ¥ï¼Œ2019.
102. Liu, F., T. Shi, L. Qi, X. Su, D. Wang, J. Dong, Z.Y. Huang*. 2019. lncRNA profile of Apis mellifera and its possible role in behavioural transition from nurses to foragers. BMC Genomics. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-019-5664-7.《蜜蜂的lncRNA谱,åŠåœ¨å“ºè‚²èœ‚到采集蜂行为转å˜ä¸çš„å¯èƒ½ä½œç”¨ã€‹ï¼Œ BMCåŸºå› ç»„å¦ï¼Œ2019.
101. Zhang, C.#, S. Pokhrel#, Z. Wu, X. Miao, Z. Y. Huang*, W. Yang*. 2019. Longevity, food consumption and foraging performance of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera in mixed colonies. Apidologie. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-018-0626-7.《ä¸ã€è¥¿èœ‚在混åˆç¾¤çš„寿命,食物消耗和采集性能比较》, 养蜂å¦ï¼Œ2019。
100. Fine, J.D.*, Shpigler, H.Y.*, A. Ray, N. J. Beach, A. Sankey, A. Cash-Ahmed, Z.Y. Huang, I. Astrauskaite, R. Chao, W. Streyer, H. Zhao, G. E. Robinson. 2018. Quantifying the effects of pollen nutrition on honey bee queen egg laying with a new laboratory-based system. PLoS ONE 13(9): e0203444. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone. 0203444.《利用一个实验室的新系统评估花粉è¥å…»å¯¹èœ‚王产åµçš„å½±å“》,PLoS ONE,2018.
99. Tibbetts*, M.L. Fearon, E. Wong, Z.Y. Huang, R.M. Tinghitella. 2018. Rapid juvenile hormone downregulation in subordinate wasp queens facilitates stable cooperation. Proc Roc Soc B. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.2645. 《胡蜂次级蜂王ä¸ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 的迅速下调有利于蜂群稳定åˆä½œã€‹ï¼Œçš‡å®¶å¦ä¼šä¼šè®®è®ºæ–‡é›†B,2017.
98. Li, Y., L. Zhang, Y. Yi, W. Hu, Y. Guo, Z. Zeng, Z.Y. Huang, Z. Wang. 2017. Genome-wide DNA methylation changes associated with olfactory learning in Apis mellifera. Scientific Reports doi:10.1038/s41598-017-17046-1. ã€Šå…¨åŸºå› ç»„DNA甲基化å˜åŒ–与蜜蜂å¦ä¹ ä¸çš„嗅觉的相关》, 科å¦æŠ¥å‘Šï¼Œ2017.
97. Yang, W., Z. Wu., Z.Y. Huang*, X. Miao*, 2017 Preservation of orange juice using propolis. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 54: 3375–3383. 《蜂胶在橙æ±ä¿é²œä¸çš„应用》, 食å“科å¦æŠ€æœ¯å¦æŠ¥ï¼Œ2017.
96. Liu, F., T. Shi, W. Yin, X. Su, L. Qi, Z.Y. Huang*, S. Zhang, L. Yu, B. Grace. 2017. The microRNA ame-miR-279a regulates sucrose responsiveness in forager honey bees (Apis mellifera). Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 90: 34-42. 《microRNA ame-miR-279a对采集蜂蔗糖å“åº”æ€§çš„è°ƒèŠ‚ã€‹ï¼Œæ˜†è™«ç”Ÿç‰©åŒ–å¦ ä¸Žåˆ†å生物å¦ï¼Œ2017.
95. Huang, Z.Y., G. Bian, Z. Xi, X. Xie*, 2017. Genes important for survival or reproduction in Varroa destructor identified by RNAi. Insect Science, DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12513.《 用RNA干扰鉴定出的影å“狄斯瓦螨å˜æ´»æˆ–ç¹æ®–çš„é‡è¦åŸºå› 》, 昆虫科å¦ï¼Œ2017.
94. Huang, Z.Y.*, S. Lin, K. Ahn. 2016. Methoprene does not affect juvenile hormone titers in honey bee (Apis mellifera) workers. Insect Sci. doi:10.1111/1744-7917.12411.《甲基异戊二烯ä¸å½±å“工蜂ä¸çš„ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 浓度》,昆虫科å¦ï¼Œ2016.
93. Shpigler, S*, A. J. Siegel, Z.Y. Huang, Guy Bloch. 2016. No effect of juvenile hormone on task performance in a bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) supports an evolutionary link between endocrine signaling and social complexity. Hormones and Behavior. DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2016.08.004.《ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 对熊蜂的分工没有影 å“ ï¼Œæ”¯æŒå†…分泌信å·ä¸Žç¤¾ä¼šå¤æ‚性之间的进化è”ç³»ã€‹ï¼Œæ¿€ç´ å’Œè¡Œä¸ºï¼Œ2016.
92. Tibbetts, E.A., K. Crocker, Z.Y. Huang. 2016. Socially selected ornaments influence hormone titers of signalers and receivers. PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1602707113. 《群体选择的装饰影å“ä¿¡å·å‘é€è€…å’ŒæŽ¥æ”¶è€…çš„æ¿€ç´ æµ“åº¦ã€‹ï¼Œç¾Žå›½å›½å®¶ç§‘å¦ ç ”ç©¶è¿›å±•ï¼Œ2016.
91. Xie, X., Z.Y. Huang*, Z. Zeng. 2016. Why do Varroa mites prefer nurse bees? Scientific Reports DOI: 10.1038/srep28228 (Featured on MSU news, sciencedaily.com and 40 other news sites).《为什么狄斯瓦螨更喜欢哺育蜂?》, 科å¦æŠ¥å‘Šï¼Œ2016.
90. Chen, Y.-W., P.-S. Wu*, E.-C. Yang, Z.Y. Huang*. 2016. The impact of pyriproxyfen on the development of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies in field. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 19: 589-594.《å¡è™«å•‰å¯¹ç”°é—´èœœèœ‚群体å‘育的影å“》, 亚太昆虫å¦æ‚志,2016.
89. Teichroew, J.L., J. Xu*, A. Ahrends, Z.Y. Huang, K. Tan, Z. Xie. 2016. Are bees at risk in China, one of the world’s largest providers of pollination ecosystem services? Biological Conservation, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2016.05.023.《作为世界上最大的授粉生æ€ç³»ç»ŸæœåŠ¡æ供者之一,ä¸å›½çš„蜜蜂有没有处于å±é™©ä¹‹ä¸ï¼Ÿã€‹ï¼Œ 生物ä¿æŠ¤ï¼Œ2016.
88. Wang, Q., X. Xu, X. Zhu, L. Chen, S. Zhou, Z.Y. Huang*, B. Zhou*. 2016. Low-temperature stress during capped brood stage increases pupal mortality, disorientation and adult mortality in honey bees. PLoS ONE 11(5): e0154547. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0154547. 《å°ç›–期的低温èƒè¿«å¢žåŠ 了蜜蜂的蛹æ»äº¡çŽ‡ã€è¿·å¤±æ–¹å‘å’Œæˆå¹´æ»äº¡çŽ‡ã€‹ ,PLoS ONE,2016.
87. Li, Z.Y., Y. Xue, B. Ren, Z. Wang, Z.Y. Huang*. 2016. Drone and worker brood microclimates are regulated deferentially in honey bees, Apis mellifera. PLoS ONE 11(2): e0148740. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148740.《蜜蜂的雄峰和工蜂房内微气候差异性调节》,PLoS ONE,2016。
86. Xie, X., S. Luo, Z.Y. Huang*. 2015. China invests two times as much as USA on honey bee research. F1000 Research. http://f1000r.es/5hi] F1000Research 4:291 (doi:10.12688/ f1000research. 6621.1) . 《ä¸å›½åœ¨èœœèœ‚ç ”ç©¶ä¸Šçš„æŠ•èµ„æ˜¯ç¾Žå›½çš„ä¸¤å€ã€‹ï¼Œ F1000ç ”ç©¶ï¼Œ2015.
85. Wang, Y., Y. Li*, Z.Y. Huang, X. Chen, J. Romeis, P. Dai, Y. Peng. 2015. Toxicological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses demonstrate that Cry1C and Cry2A are not toxic to larvae of the honeybee, Apis mellifera. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01662. 《毒ç†å¦ï¼Œç”ŸåŒ–和组织病ç†å¦åˆ†æžè¡¨æ˜ŽCry1Cå’ŒCry2Aå¯¹èœœèœ‚å¹¼è™«æ— æ¯’ã€‹ï¼Œ 农业与食å“化å¦æ‚志,2015.
84. Le Conte$, Y., Z.Y. Huang$*, M. Roux, Z.J. Zeng, J.-P. Christidès, A.G. Bagnères. 2015. Varroa destructor changes its cuticular hydrocarbons to mimic new hosts. Biology Letters 11: 20150233. ($co-first authors) (Featured on MSU news, discovery.com, sciencedaily.com, qz.com). 《狄斯瓦螨会改å˜å…¶è¡¨çš®ç¢³æ°¢åŒ–åˆç‰©æ¥æ¨¡ä»¿æ–°å¯„主主》, 生物å¦é€šä¿¡ï¼Œ2015.
83. Huang, W.-F., L. Solter*, K.I. Aronstein, Z.Y. Huang. 2015. Infectivity and virulence of Nosema ceranae and Nosema apis in commercially available North American honey bees. J. Invertebrate Pathology, 124: 107-113. 《北美蜜蜂ä¸çš„Nosema ceranaeå’ŒNosema apis的感染力和毒力》, æ— è„Šæ¤ŽåŠ¨ç‰©ç—…ç†å¦æ‚志,2015.
82. Ihle, K.E., O. Rueppell., Z.Y. Huang, Y. Wang, M.K. Fondrk., R.E. Jr. Page., G.V. Amdam*. 2014. Genetic architecture of a hormonal response to gene knockdown in honey bees. Journal of Heredity, doi: 10.1093/jhered/esu086. ã€Šèœœèœ‚å¯¹åŸºå› æ•²é™¤æ¿€ç´ å应的é—ä¼ ç»“æž„ã€‹ï¼Œ é—ä¼ æ‚志,2014.
81. Milbrath, M.O$, T. V. Tran$, W.-F. Huang, L.F. Solter, D.R. Tarpy, F.K. Lawrence, Z.Y. Huang*. 2014. Comparative virulence and competition between Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae in honey bees (Apis mellifera). J. Invertebrate Pathology, doi:10.1016/j.jip.2014.12. 006. ($co-first authors).《蜜蜂ä¸çš„Nosema ceranaeå’Œ Nosema apis的比较毒力和竞争》, æ— è„Šæ¤ŽåŠ¨ç‰©ç—…ç†å¦æ‚志,2014.
80. Shi, Y.Y., Z.Y. Huang, X.B. Wu, Z.L. Wang, W.Y. Yan, Z.J. Zeng*. 2014. Changes in alternative splicing in Apis mellifera bees fed Apis cerana royal jelly. J. Apic. Science 58: 25-31. 《西方蜜蜂饲喂东方蜜蜂蜂王浆åŽèœœèœ‚的选择性剪接的å˜åŒ–》,蜂业科å¦æ‚志,2014.
79. Shpigler, H., E. Amsalem, Z.Y. Huang, M. Cohen, A.J. Siegel et al. 2014. Gonadotropic and physiological functions of juvenile hormone in bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) workers. PLoS ONE 9(6): e100650. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100650. 《熊蜂工蜂ä¸ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ çš„ä¿ƒæ€§è…ºæ¿€ç´ å’Œç”Ÿç†åŠŸèƒ½ã€‹ï¼ŒPlos One,2014.
78. Zhu, X., S. Zhou, Z.Y. Huang*. 2014. Transportation and pollination service increase abundance and prevalence of Nosema ceranae in honey bees (Apis mellifera). Journal of Apicultural Research 53: 469-471. DOI 10.3896/IBRA.1.53.4.06. 《è¿è¾“和授粉æœåŠ¡æ高了蜜蜂Nosema ceranaeçš„ä¸°åº¦å’Œæ„ŸæŸ“çŽ‡ã€‹ï¼Œèœ‚ä¸šç ”ç©¶æ‚志,2014.
77. Medved, V., Z.Y. Huang, A. Popadić*. 2014. Ubx promotes corbicular development in Apis mellifera. Biol. Lett. 10: 20131021. [Featured by MSU news, sciencedaily.com]《西蜂ä¸Ubx促进蜜蜂的花粉篮å‘育》 ,生物技术通讯,2014.
76. Abramson, C.I.*, T. Giray, Z.Y. Huang, X. Xie. 2013. Opportunities for collaborative research with honey bees in Turkey and China. Bulletin of Insectology 66: 315-318.《土耳其和ä¸å›½å¼€å±•èœœèœ‚åˆä½œç ”究的机会》,昆虫å¦é€šæŠ¥ï¼Œ2013
75. Yang, W., H. Kuang, J. Wang, S. Wang, Z. Wu, X. Miao*, Z.Y. Huang*. 2013. Comparative sucrose sensitivity in Apis mellifera and A. cerana foragers. PLoS ONE 8(10): e79026. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0079026. 《ä¸åŽèœœèœ‚和西方蜜蜂采集蜂蔗糖æ•æ„Ÿæ€§çš„比较》,Plos one,2013
74. Shi, Y.Y., L.X. Sun, Z.Y. Huang; X.B. Wu, Y.Q. Zhu, H.J. Zheng; Z.J. Zeng*. 2013. A SNP based high-density linkage map of Apis cerana reveals a high recombination rate similar to Apis mellifera. PLoS ONE 8(10): e76459. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0076459. 《基于SNP的东方蜜蜂高密度连é”图谱æ示了与西方蜜蜂相似的高é‡ç»„率》,Plos one,2013
73. Luo, C.W., Z.Y. Huang, K. Li, X.M. Chen*, Y. Chen, Y. Sun. 2013. EAG responses of Apis cerana to floral compounds of a biodiesel plant, Jatropha curcas. J. Econ. Entomol. 106(4): 1653-1658.ã€Šä¸œæ–¹èœœèœ‚å¯¹éº»ç–¯æ ‘èŠ±é¦™åŒ–åˆç‰©çš„EAGå应》,ç»æµŽæ˜†è™«å¦æŠ¥ï¼Œ2013
72. Li, W.F., Z.Y. Huang, F. Liu, Z.G. Li, L.M. Yan, S. Zhang, B.X. Zhong, S.K. Su*. 2013. Molecular cloning and characterization of juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase in Apis mellifera and its expression profile during the caste differentiation. PLoS ONE 8(7): e68544. doi:10.1371 /journal.pone.0068544. 《蜜蜂ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 甲基转移酶的分å克隆,鉴定åŠå…¶åœ¨çº§åž‹åˆ†åŒ–ä¸çš„表达谱》,Plos one,2013
71. Milbrath, M.O. $, X. Xie$, Z.Y. Huang*. 2013. Nosema ceranae induced mortality in honey bees (Apis mellifera) depends on infection methods. J. Invertebrate Pathology. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ article/pii/S0022201113000773.《微å¢å对蜜蜂的致æ»æ€§å–å†³äºŽæ„ŸæŸ“æ–¹æ³•ã€‹ï¼Œæ— è„Šæ¤ŽåŠ¨ç‰©ç—…ç†å¦ï¼Œ2013
70. Wegener, J., Z.Y. Huang, M. W. Lorenz, J.I. Lorenz, K. Bienefeld*, 2013. New insights into the roles of juvenile hormone and ecdysteroids in honey bee reproduction. Journal of Insect Physiology, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2013.04.006.《ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ å’Œèœ•çš®æ¿€ç´ åœ¨èœœèœ‚ç¹æ®–ä¸çš„作用的新è§è§£ã€‹ï¼Œæ˜†è™«ç”Ÿç†å¦ï¼Œ2013
69. Goblirsch, M., Z.Y. Huang, M. Spivak*. 2013. Physiological and behavioral changes in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) induced by Nosema ceranae infection: A potential detractor of social resiliency. PLoS ONE 8(3): e58165. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0058165. 《微å¢å虫感染引起的蜜蜂的生ç†å’Œè¡Œä¸ºå˜åŒ–:社会适应力的潜在é™ä½Žå› ç´ ã€‹ï¼ŒPlos one,2013
68. Shi, Y.Y., W.Y. Yan, Z.Y. Huang, Z. L. Wang, X.B. Wu, Z.J. Zeng*. 2012. Genomewide analysis indicates that queen larvae have lower methylation levels in the honey bee (Apis mellifera). Naturwissenschaften DOI 10.1007/s00114-012-1004-3. ã€Šå…¨åŸºå› ç»„åˆ†æžè¡¨æ˜Žè¥¿æ–¹èœœèœ‚蜂王幼虫的甲基化水平较低》,自然科å¦ï¼Œ2012
67. Wang, Z.L., T.T. Liu, Z.Y. Huang, B.W. Xiao, W.Y. Yan, Z.J. Zeng*. 2012. Transcriptome analysis of the Asian honey bee Apis cerana cerana. PLoS ONE 7(10): e47954. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047954. 《亚洲蜜蜂的转录组分æžã€‹ï¼ŒPlos one,2012
66. Luo, C.W., K. Li, X.M. Chen*, Z.Y. Huang. 2012. Ants contribute significantly to the pollination of a biodiesel plant, Jatropha curcas. Environmental Entomology, 41: 1163-1168. 《蚂èšå¯¹éº»ç–¯æ ‘的授粉有较大贡献》,环境昆虫,2012
65. Li, L., F. Liu, W. Li, Z. Li, J. Pan, L. Yan, S. Zhang, Z.Y. Huang*, S. Su*. 2012. Differences in MicroRNAs and their expressions between foraging and dancing honey bees, Apis mellifera L. Journal of Insect Physiology 58: 1438–1443. 《采集蜂和跳舞蜂之间的微å°RNA表达差异》,昆虫生ç†å¦ï¼Œ2012
64. Ahn, K., X. Xie, J. Riddle, J. Pettis, Z.Y. Huang*. 2012. Effects of long distance transportation on honey bee physiology. Psyche. doi:10.1155/2012/193029. 《长途è¿è¾“对蜜蜂生ç†çš„å½±å“》,精神,2012
63. Shi, Y.Y., X.B. Wu, Z.Y. Huang, Z.L. Wang, W.Y. Yan, Z.J. Zeng*. 2012. Epigenetic modification of gene expression in honey bees by heterospecific gland secretions. PLoS One, 7(8):e43727. 《异ç§è…ºä½“åˆ†æ³Œç‰©å¯¹èœœèœ‚åŸºå› è¡¨è¾¾çš„è¡¨è§‚é—ä¼ ä¿®é¥°ã€‹ï¼ŒPlos one,2012
62. Huang, Z.Y. 2012. Pollen nutrition affects honey bee stress resistance. Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews 5: 1–15 (Invited review). 《花粉è¥å…»å½±å“蜜蜂抗逆性》,陆生节肢动物评论,2012
61. Liu, Z.Y., Z.L. Wang, W.Y Yan, X.B. Wu, Z.J. Zeng*, Z.Y. Huang*. 2012. The sex determination gene shows no founder effect in the giant honey bee, Apis dorsata. PLoS ONE 7(4): e34436. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034436. ã€Šæ€§åˆ«å†³å®šåŸºå› åœ¨å¤§èœœèœ‚ä¸æ²¡æœ‰å²›å±¿æ•ˆåº”》,Plos one,2012
60. Shi, Y.Y., Z.Y. Huang*, Z.J. Zeng*, Z.L. Wang, X.B. Wu, W.Y. Yan. 2011. Diet and cell size both affect queen-worker differentiation through DNA methylation in honey bees (Apis mellifera, Apidae). PLoS ONE 6(4): e18808. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0018808. 《食物和空间大å°å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡DNA甲基化影å“雌性蜜蜂的级型分化》,PLOS ONE,2011.
59. Slone, J.D., T.L. Stout, Z.Y. Huang, S.S. Schneider. 2011. The influence of drone physical condition on the likelihood of receiving vibration signals from worker honey bees, Apis mellifera. Insectes Sociaux DOI 10.1007/s00040-011-0195-5. 《雄蜂体å¾å½±å“接å—工蜂震动信å·çš„概率》,社会昆虫,2011.
58. Leniaud, L., E. Darrouzet, K. Ahn, F. Dedeine, Z.Y. Huang, A.-G. Bagneres. 2011. Ontogenic potentialities of the worker caste in two sympatric subterranean termites. Evolution and Development. 13: 138-148 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-142X.2011.00464.x 《两ç§åŒåŸŸåœ°ä¸‹ç™½èšçš„å·¥èšä¸ªä½“å‘育潜力》,进化与å‘育,2011.
57. Luo C.W., Z. Y. Huang, X. M. Chen, K. Li, Y. Chen, Y. Y. Sun. 2011. Contribution of diurnal and nocturnal insects to the pollination of Jatropha curcas in Southwest China. J. Economic Entomology. 104: 149-154 DOI: 10.1603/EC10265 《白昼和黑夜活动昆虫对ä¸å›½è¥¿å—éƒ¨éº»ç–¯æ ‘çš„æŽˆç²‰è´¡çŒ®ã€‹ï¼Œç»æµŽæ˜†è™«å¦ï¼Œ2011.
56. Tibbetts, E.A., A. Izzo, Z.Y. Huang. 2010. Behavioral and physiological factors associated with juvenile hormone in Polistes wasp queens. Behav Ecol Sociobiol, DOI 10.1007/s00265-010-1126-6 《马蜂蜂王的行为和生ç†ä¸Žä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ çš„è”系》,行为生æ€å¦å’Œç¤¾ä¼šç”Ÿç‰©å¦ï¼Œ2010.
55. Tibbetts, E. A., Z.Y. Huang. 2010. The challenge hypothesis in an insect: juvenile hormone is associated with reproductive conflict following queen loss in Polistes wasps. The American Naturalist 176: 123-130 《昆虫挑战性å‡è®¾ï¼šé©¬èœ‚蜂王缺失åŽï¼Œä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 与生殖竞争有相关》,美国åšç‰©å¦å®¶ï¼Œ2010.
54. Chen, Y.P., Z.Y. Huang. 2010. Nosema ceranae, a newly identified pathogen of Apis mellifera in the U.S. and Asia. Apidologie 41: 364-374 (Invited review) 《ä¸èœ‚å¾®å¢å,美国和亚洲西蜂的新病原》,养蜂å¦ï¼Œ2010.
53. Izzo A, M. Wells, Z. Huang, Z, E. Tibbetts. 2009. Cuticular hydrocarbons correlate with fertility, not dominance, in a paper wasp, Polistes dominulus. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 64: 857–864, doi:10.1007/s00265-010-0902-7 《长脚蜂表皮的烃类化åˆç‰©ä¸Žç¹æ®–力有关, 与支é…地ä½æ— 关》,行为生æ€å¦å’Œç¤¾ä¼šç”Ÿç‰©å¦ï¼Œ2009.
52. Johnson, R.M., Z.Y. Huang, M.R. Berenbaum. 2009. Role of detoxification in Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) tolerance of the miticide tau-fluvalinate. International J Acarology, 36: 1-6
《解毒作用在大蜂螨对氟胺氰èŠé…¯ç±»æ€è™«å‰‚çš„è€å—力ä¸çš„功用》,国际蜂螨å¦ï¼Œ2009.
51. Navajas, M., D.L. Anderson, J. Clement, Z.Y. Huang, T. Zhou, L.I. de Guzman, Y. Le Conte. 2009. New Asian types of Varroa destructor represent new threats for world apiculture. Apidologie 40: 181-193ã€Šå¤§èœ‚èž¨çš„æ–°çš„äºšæ´²åŸºå› åž‹é€ æˆå¯¹å…¨çƒå…»èœ‚业的新å¨èƒã€‹ï¼Œå…»èœ‚å¦ï¼Œ2009.
50. Du, Y., Y. Nomura, Z. Liu, Z.Y. Huang, K. Dong. 2009. Functional expression of an arachnid sodium channel reveals residues responsible for tetrodotoxin resistance in invertebrate sodium channels. J Biol. Chem. 284: 33869-75 ã€Šèœ˜è››çº²é’ ç¦»å通é“的功能表达æç¤ºå‡ºæ— è„Šæ¤ŽåŠ¨ç‰©é’ ç¦»å通é“å¯¹æ²³è±šæ¯’ç´ æŠ—æ€§çš„æ®‹åŸºã€‹ï¼Œç”Ÿç‰©åŒ–å¦æ‚志,2009.
49. Wegener, J., Z.Y. Huang, M.W. Lorenz, K. Bienefeld. 2009. Regulation of hypopharyngeal gland activity and oogenesis in honey bee (Apis mellifera) workers. Journal of Insect Physiology 55:716-725 《工蜂王浆腺活性和åµåŽŸå‘生的调控》,昆虫生ç†å¦ï¼Œ2009.
48. Kou, R., S.-Y. Chou, Z.Y. Huang, R.-L. Yang. 2008. Juvenile hormone levels are increased in winners of cockroach fights. Hormones and Behavior 54: 521-527 《获胜蟑螂体内ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 浓度会æé«˜ã€‹ï¼Œæ¿€ç´ ä¸Žè¡Œä¸ºï¼Œ2008.
47. Kou, R., H.-W. Chang, Z.Y. Huang, R.-L. Yang. 2008. Pheromone, juvenile hormone, and social status in the male lobster cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 68: 144-155 《雄性ä¸åŽèŸ‘èž‚ä¸æ€§æ¯ç´ ã€ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ åŠç¤¾ä¼šåœ°ä½ã€‹ï¼Œæ˜†è™«ç”Ÿç‰©åŒ–å¦ä¸Žç”Ÿç†å¦æ–‡çŒ®ï¼Œ2008.
46. Duan,, J.J, M. Marvier, J. Huesing, G. Dively, Z.Y. Huang. 2008. A meta-analysis of effects of Bt crops on honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae). PLOS ONE 3(1): e1415. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0001415 《Bt-玉米花粉对蜜蜂(膜翅目,蜜蜂科)的影å“》,PLOS ONE,2008.
45.Chow, S.-Y, Z.Y. Huang , S.-C. Chen, R.-L. Yang, R. Kou. 2007. Antenna contact and agonism in the male lobster cockroach, Nauphoeta cinerea. Hormones and Behavior 52: 252-260 《ä¸åŽèŸ‘èž‚é›„æ€§ä¸ªä½“çš„è§¦è§’æŽ¥è§¦ä¸Žå¯¹æŠ—æ€§ã€‹ï¼Œæ¿€ç´ ä¸Žè¡Œä¸ºï¼Œ2007.
44. Wharton, K.E., F.C. Dyer, Z.Y. Huang, T. Getty. 2007. The role of the honey bee queen in regulating colony drone production. Behavioral Ecology 18: 1092-1099 (featured in Science) 《蜂王在蜂群ä¸æŽ§åˆ¶é›„蜂生产的作用》,行为生æ€å¦å’Œç¤¾ä¼šç”Ÿç‰©å¦ï¼Œ2007.
43. Cho, S., Z. Y. Huang, J. Zhang. 2007. Sex-specific splicing of the honey bee doublesex gene reveals 300 million years of evolution at the bottom of the insect sex-determination pathway. Genetics 177:1733-41 《doublesex的性别特异性剪接æ示昆虫性别决定路径有3亿年的进化å²ã€‹ï¼Œé—ä¼ å¦ï¼Œ2007.
42. Liu, Z., J. Tan, Z.Y. Huang, K. Dong. 2006. Effect of a fluvalinate-resistance-associated sodium channel mutation from varroa mites on cockroach sodium channel sensitivity to fluvalinate, a pyrethroid insecticide. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 36: 885-889 《蜂螨的与氟胺氰èŠé…¯çš„æŠ—æ€§æœ‰å…³çš„é’ ç¦»å通é“çªå˜åœ¨èŸ‘èž‚çš„é’ ç¦»å通é“ä¸ï¼Œå¯¹æ°Ÿèƒºæ°°èŠé…¯çš„抗性影å“》,昆虫生物化å¦ä¸Žåˆ†å生物å¦ï¼Œ2006.
41. Cho, S., Z.Y. Huang, D.R. Green, D.R. Smith, and J. Zhang. 2006. Evolution of the complementary sex-determination gene of honey bees: balancing selection and trans-species polymorphisms. Genome Research 16: 1366-1375 ã€Šèœœèœ‚äº’è¡¥æ€§åˆ«å†³å®šåŸºå› çš„è¿›åŒ–ï¼šå¹³è¡¡é€‰æ‹©ä¸Žç§é—´å¤šæ€æ€§ã€‹ï¼ŒåŸºå› ç»„ç ”ç©¶ï¼Œ2006.
40. Huang, Z.Y., J. Zhao, L. Zhou, Y. Qin.. 2006. Electronic monitoring of feeding behavior of Varroa mites on honey bees. Journal of Apicultural Research 45(3): 157–158 《大蜂螨在蜜蜂身上å–食行为的电åç›‘æŽ§ã€‹ï¼Œå…»èœ‚ç ”ç©¶æ‚志,2006.
39. Zeng, Z., Z.Y. Huang, Y. Qin and H. Pang.. 2005. Hemolymph juvenile hormone titers in worker honey bees under normal and pre-swarming conditions. Journal of Economic Entomology 98: 274-278 《æ£å¸¸èœ‚群和分蜂群ä¸å·¥èœ‚血淋巴ä¸çš„ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 浓度》,ç»æµŽæ˜†è™«å¦æ‚志,2005.
38. Tan, J., Z. Liu, R. Wang, Z. Y. Huang, A.C. Chen, M. Gurevitz, K. Dong. 2005. Identification of amino acid residues that are critical for pyrethroid binding to an insect sodium channel. Molecular Pharmacology 67: 513-522 ã€Šåœ¨æ˜†è™«é’ ç¦»å通é“结åˆä¸èµ·å…³é”®ä½œç”¨çš„氨基酸残基的鉴定》,分å医è¯å¦ï¼Œ2005.
37. Leoncini, I., Y. Le Conte, G. Costagliola, E. Plettner, A.L. Toth, M. Wang, Z. Huang, J-M. Bécard, D. Crauser, K.N. Slessor, G.E. Robinson. 2004. Regulation of behavioral maturation in honey bees by a new primer pheromone. Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences USA 101: 17561-17564. [cited in Science, Science News, MSU news, Medical Daily etc] 《一ç§æ–°çš„å¯åŠ¨å¤–æ¿€ç´ å¯¹èœœèœ‚è¡Œä¸ºæˆç†Ÿå‘育的调节》,美国科å¦é™¢é™¢æŠ¥ï¼Œ2004.
36. Schneider, S.S., L. A. Lewis, Z. Y. Huang.. 2004. The vibration signal and juvenile hormone titers in worker honey bees, Apis mellifera. Ethology 110: 977-985 《æ„大利蜜蜂ä¸çš„震动信å·å’Œä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 》,动物行为å¦ï¼Œ2004.
35. Huang, Z.Y., A.V. Hanley, W. Pett, J.J. Duan. 2004. Field and semi-field evaluation of impacts of transgenic canola pollen on survival and development of worker honey bees. Journal of Economic Entomology 97: 1517-1523 ã€Šè½¬åŸºå› æ²¹èœèŠ±ç²‰å¯¹èœœèœ‚工蜂的å˜æ´»å’Œå‘育影å“çš„ç”°é—´å’ŒåŠç”°é—´è¯„估》,ç»æµŽæ˜†è™«å¦æ‚志,2004.
34. Zhou, T., D.L. Anderson, Z.Y. Huang, S. Huang, J. Yao, T. Ken, Q. Zhang. 2004. Identification of Varroa mites infesting Apis cerana and Apis mellifera in China. Apidologie 35: 645-654 《æ„大利蜜蜂和ä¸åŽèœœèœ‚蜂群ä¸å¤§èœ‚螨的分å鉴定》,养蜂å¦ï¼Œ2004.
33. Lin, H., C. Dusset, Z.Y. Huang. 2004. Short-term changes in juvenile hormone titres in honey bee workers due to stress. Apidologie 35: 319-327 《压力下蜜蜂工蜂ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 的快速å˜åŒ–》,养蜂å¦ï¼Œ2004.
32. Hanley, A.V., Z.Y. Huang, W. Pett. 2003. Effect of transgenic Bt corn pollen on larval development of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) and greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.). Journal of Apicultural Research 42: 77-81 ã€Šå–‚é£Ÿè½¬åŸºå› Bt玉米花粉对蜜蜂幼虫和巢虫å‘育的影å“ã€‹ï¼Œå…»èœ‚ç ”ç©¶æ‚志,2003.
31. Wang, R., Z.Y. Huang, K. Dong. 2003. Molecular characterization of an arachnid sodium channel gene from the varroa mite (Varroa destructor). Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 33: 733-739 ã€Šå¤§èœ‚èž¨é’ ç¦»å通é“åŸºå› çš„åˆ†å特性æ述》,昆虫生化与分å生物å¦ï¼Œ2003.
30. Huang, Z.Y., J.H. Fewell. 2002. Modeling insect societies: from genes to colony behavior. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 17: 403-404 ã€Šæ¨¡æ‹Ÿæ˜†è™«ç¤¾ä¼šï¼šä»ŽåŸºå› åˆ°ç¾¤ä½“è¡Œä¸ºã€‹ï¼Œç”Ÿæ€å’Œè¿›åŒ–进展,2002.
29. Wang, R., Z. Liu, K. Dong, P.J. Elzen, J. Pettis, Z.Y. Huang. 2002. Association of novel mutations in a sodium channel gene with fluvalinate resistance in the varroa mite, Varroa destructor. Journal of Apicultural Research 40: 17-25 ã€Šé’ ç¦»å通é“åŸºå› ä¸æ–°çš„çªå˜ä¸Žå¤§èœ‚螨对氟胺氰èŠé…¯æŠ—æ€§æœ‰ç›¸å…³ã€‹ï¼Œå…»èœ‚ç ”ç©¶æ‚志,2002.
28. Schulz, D.S., M.J. Vermiglio, Z.Y. Huang, G.E. Robinson. 2002. Effects of colony food shortage on social interactions in honey bee colonies. Insectes Sociaux 49: 50-55 《蜂群ä¸é£Ÿç‰©çš„çŸç¼ºå¯¹èœœèœ‚社会交往的影å“》,Insectes Sociaux,2002.
27. Beshers, S.N., Z.Y. Huang, Y. Oono, G.E. Robinson. 2001. Social inhibition and the regulation of temporal polyethism in honey bees. Journal of Theoretical Biology 213: 461-479 《社会抑制与行为å‘育的调控》,ç†è®ºç”Ÿç‰©å¦æ‚志,2001.
26. Pearce, A.N., Z.Y. Huang, M.D. Breed. 2001. Juvenile hormone and aggression in honey bees. Journal of Insect Physiology 47: 1243-1247 《ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 与蜂群的攻击行为》,昆虫生ç†å¦æ‚志,2001.
25. Jassim, O., Z.Y. Huang, G.E. Robinson. 2000. Juvenile hormone profiles of worker honey bees during normal and accelerated behavioral development. Journal of Insect Physiology 46: 243-249 《æ£å¸¸å’ŒåŠ 速行为å‘育的工蜂ä¸çš„ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 的浓度å˜åŒ–》,昆虫生ç†å¦æ‚志,2000.
24. Bloch, G., D.W. Borst, Z.-Y. Huang, G.E. Robinson, A. Hefetz. 2000. Haemolymph JH titer, biosynthesis rates, ovarian development and the social environment in Bombus terrestris. Journal of Insect Physiology 46: 46-57 《熊蜂的ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ ã€ç”Ÿç‰©åˆæˆçŽ‡ã€åµå·¢å‘育和社会环境》,昆虫生ç†å¦æ‚志,2000.
23. Giray, T., Z.-Y. Huang, G.E. Robinson. 1999. Endocrine basis of genetic differences for behavioral development in honey bees. Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology 47: 17-28
《蜂群ä¸ä¸åŒæ¿€ç´ 水平与行为å‘育》,生æ€è¡Œä¸ºå¦ä¸Žç”Ÿç‰©ç¤¾ä¼šå¦ï¼Œ1999.
22. Huang, Z.-Y., E. Plettner, G.E. Robinson. 1998. Effect of social environment and mandibular gland removal on division of labor in worker honey bees. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 183: 143-152 《社会环境和切除上颚腺对蜜蜂社会分工的影å“》,比较生ç†å¦æ‚å¿—B辑,1998.
21. Pankiw, T., Z.-Y. Huang, M.L. Winston, G.E. Robinson. 1998. Queen mandibular gland pheromone influences worker honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) juvenile hormone titers and foraging ontogeny. Journal of Insect Physiology 44: 685-692 《蜂王上颚腺对工蜂ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 和哺育能力的影å“》,昆虫生ç†å¦æ‚志,1998.
20. Schulz, D.J., Z.-Y. Huang, G.E. Robinson. 1998. Effect of colony food shortage on the behavioral development of the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology 42: 295-303 《蜂群食物储å˜å¯¹èœœèœ‚行为的å‘展的影å“》,行为生æ€å’Œç”Ÿç‰©ç¤¾ä¼šå¦ï¼Œ1998.
19. Robinson, G.E., Z.-Y. Huang. 1998. Colony integration in honey bees: genetic, endocrine, and social control of division of labor. Apidologie 29: 159-170 (Invited review) 《蜜蜂群体整åˆï¼šç¤¾ä¼šåˆ†å·¥çš„é—ä¼ ï¼Œå†…åˆ†æ³Œå’Œç¤¾ä¼šè°ƒæŽ§ã€‹ï¼Œå…»èœ‚å¦ï¼Œ1998.
18. Trumbo, S.T., Z.-Y. Huang, G.E. Robinson. 1997. Division of labor between undertaker specialists and other middle age workers in honey bee colonies. Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology 41: 151-163 《蜜蜂清尸蜂和其它ä¸å¹´èœ‚的劳动分工》,行为生æ€å’Œç”Ÿç‰©ç¤¾ä¼šå¦ï¼Œ1997.
17. Cnaani, J., D.W. Borst, Z.-Y. Huang, G.E. Robinson, A. Hefetz. 1997. Caste determination in Bombus terrestris: differences in larval development and rates of JH biosynthesis. Journal of Insect Physiology 43: 373-381 《熊蜂的级型分化:幼虫å‘育和ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ åˆæˆçŽ‡çš„ä¸åŒã€‹ï¼Œæ˜†è™«ç”Ÿç†å¦ï¼Œ1997.
16. Huang, Z.-Y., G.E. Robinson. 1996. Regulation of honey bee division of labor by colony age demography. Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology 39: 147-158 《蜜蜂社会分工通过蜂群体的年龄结构æ¥è°ƒèŠ‚》,行为生æ€å¦ä¸Žç¤¾ä¼šç”Ÿç‰©å¦ï¼Œ1996.
15. Bloch, G., D. W. Borst, Z.-Y. Huang, G.E. Robinson, A. Hefetz. 1996. Effects of social conditions on juvenile hormone-mediated reproductive development in Bombus terrestris workers. Physiological Entomology 21: 257-267 《熊蜂社会环境对通过ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 调节的ç¹æ®–å‘育的影å“》,昆虫生ç†å¦ï¼Œ1996.
14. Huang, Z.-Y., G.E. Robinson. 1995. Seasonal changes in juvenile hormone in worker honey bees. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 165: 18-28 《蜜蜂工蜂ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ çš„å£èŠ‚å˜åŒ–》,比较生ç†å¦æ‚å¿—B辑,1995.
13. Robinson, G.E., R.E. Page, Z.-Y. Huang. 1994. Temporal polyethism in social insects is a developmental process. Animal Behavior 48: 467-469 ã€Šç¤¾ä¼šæ€§æ˜†è™«çš„è¡Œä¸ºå¤šæ ·æ€§æ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªå‘育过程》,动物行为,1994.
12. Huang, Z.-Y., G.E. Robinson, D.W. Borst. 1994. Physiological correlates of division of labor among similarly aged honey bees. Journal of Comparative Physiology A 174: 731-739 《与åŒé¾„蜜蜂的社会分工相关的生ç†æŒ‡æ ‡ã€‹ï¼Œæ¯”较生ç†å¦æ‚å¿—A辑,1994.
11. Goodman, W.G., Z.-Y. Huang, G.E. Robinson, C. Strambi, A. Strambi. 1993. A comparison of two juvenile hormone radioimmunoassays. Archives of Insect Biochemistry & Physiology 23: 147-152 《ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 两ç§æ”¾å°„å…疫法之比较》,昆虫生物化å¦ä¸Žç”Ÿç†å¦ï¼Œ1993.
10. Huang, Z.-Y., G.E. Robinson. 1992. Honey bee colony integration: Worker-worker interactions mediate plasticity in endocrine and behavioral development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 89: 11726-11729 (cited in the text book “Animal Behavior†by J. Alcock)《蜜蜂群体整åˆï¼šå·¥èœ‚间的互动调节内分泌和行为å‘育的å¯å¡‘性》,美国科å¦é™¢é™¢æŠ¥ï¼Œ1992.
9. Robinson, G.E., C. Strambi, A. Strambi, Z.-Y. Huang. 1992. Reproduction in worker honey bees is associated with low juvenile hormone titres and rates of biosynthesis. General & Comparative Endocrinology 87: 471-480 《工蜂的ç¹æ®–ä¸Žä½Žå¹¼æ¿€ç´ æµ“åº¦å’Œç”Ÿç‰©åˆæˆçŽ‡ç›¸å…³ã€‹ï¼Œé—ä¼ å’Œæ¯”è¾ƒå†…åˆ†æ³Œå¦ï¼Œ1992.
8. Huang, Z.-Y., G.E. Robinson, S.S. Tobe, K.J. Yagi, C. Strambi, A. Strambi, B. Stay. 1991. Hormonal regulation of behavioral development in the honey bee is based on changes in the rate of juvenile hormone biosynthesis. Journal of Insect Physiology 37: 733-741
《蜜蜂行为å‘è‚²çš„æ¿€ç´ æŽ§åˆ¶æ˜¯ä»¥å¹¼æ¿€ç´ çš„ç”Ÿç‰©åˆæˆçŽ‡çš„å˜åŒ–为基础的》,昆虫生ç†æ‚志,1991.
7. Huang, Z.-Y., G.W. Otis. 1991. Inspection and feeding of larvae by worker honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae): Effect of starvation and food quantity. Journal of Insect Behavior 4: 305-317《工蜂对幼虫的检查和喂养:饥饿和食å“æ•°é‡çš„å½±å“》,昆虫行为æ‚志,1991.
6. Huang, Z.-Y., G.W. Otis. 1991. Non-random visitation of brood cells by worker honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Journal of Insect Behavior 4: 177-184 《工蜂对巢房的探访ä¸æ˜¯éšæœºçš„》,昆虫行为æ‚志,1991.
5. Huang, Z.-Y., C.O. Knowles. 1991. Nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in honey bee (Apis mellifera) brain. Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology C 97: 275-281 《蜜蜂脑ä¸çš„烟酸类和毒蕈碱类的乙酰胆碱å—体》,比较生物化å¦ä¸Žç”Ÿç†å¦C,1991.
4. Huang, Z.-Y., C.O. Knowles. 1990. Properties of a quinuclidinyl benzilate binding component in the bulb mite. Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology C 95: 71-77 《大蜂螨ä¸çš„与三苯乙醇酸奎å®ç»“åˆç‰©çš„属性》,比较生物化å¦ä¸Žç”Ÿç†å¦C,1990.
3. Huang, Z.-Y. 1990. A simple in vivo bioassay for estimating the hypopharyngeal gland activity in honeybees (Apis mellifera L, Apidae, Hymenoptera). Journal of Apicultural Research 29: 75-81 《一ç§ç®€å•çš„æµ‹å®šèœœèœ‚çŽ‹æµ†è…ºçš„æ´»æ€§çš„ä½“å¤–ç”Ÿç‰©æµ‹å®šæ³•ã€‹ï¼Œå…»èœ‚ç ”ç©¶æ‚志,1990.
2. Huang, Z.-Y., G.W. Otis, P.E.A. Teal. 1989. Nature of brood signal activating the protein synthesis of hypopharyngeal gland in honey bees, Apis mellifera (Apidae: Hymenoptera). Apidologie 20: 455-464 《激活蜜蜂王浆腺蛋白质åˆæˆçš„蜂åä¿¡å·çš„性质》,养蜂å¦ï¼Œ1989.
1. Huang, Z.-Y., G.W. Otis. 1989. Factors determining hypopharyngeal gland activity of worker honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). Insectes Sociaux 36: 264-276 ã€Šå†³å®šå·¥èœ‚çŽ‹æµ†è…ºæ´»æ€§çš„å› ç´ ã€‹ï¼Œç¤¾ä¼šæ€§æ˜†è™«ï¼Œ1989.
专利:
Huang, Z.Y. 2002. “Method and apparatus for control of mites in a beehive,†US Patent #6,475,061。 控制大蜂螨的方法和设置。美国专利å·6475061, 2002.
主è¦å¦æœ¯æˆç»©
西方蜜蜂( Apis mellifera)是对人类最有益的昆虫。在美国,æ¯å¹´ç”±äºŽæŽˆç²‰è€Œå¢žåŠ 的农业产值达190亿美元之多(Morseand Calderone, 2001ï¼‰ã€‚ç ”ç©¶èœœèœ‚çš„ç¤¾ä¼šè¡Œä¸ºï¼Œå¯ä½¿äººç±»èƒ½æ›´ç§‘å¦åœ°ç®¡ç†èœœèœ‚,为农业生产æœåŠ¡ã€‚ç ”ç©¶èœœèœ‚çš„ç—…è™«å®³ç”Ÿç‰©å¦åŠå…¶é˜²æ²»ï¼Œèƒ½ä½¿èœœèœ‚蜂群更å¥åº·ã€‚å› æ¤ï¼Œèœœèœ‚çš„è¡Œä¸ºå’Œç—…è™«å®³é˜²æ²»ç ”ç©¶ä¸€ç›´æ˜¯å›½é™…ä¸ŠåŸºç¡€ç ”ç©¶å’Œåº”ç”¨ç ”ç©¶çš„çƒé—¨è¯¾é¢˜ã€‚在过去å多年æ¥ï¼Œé»„智勇作为主è¦ç ”究人员或项目主æŒäººï¼Œå®Œæˆäº†å¤šä¸ªå›½å®¶ç ”究项目。所å–å¾—çš„æˆæžœæ¦‚述如下:
1. 建立“社会抑制â€æ¨¡åž‹ï¼Œé‰´å®šå‡ºåŠ¨ç‰©ä¸ç¬¬å››ä¸ªå¯åŠ¨å¤–æ¿€ç´ ã€‚
蜜蜂社会行为的主è¦åŸºç¡€æ˜¯â€œå¹´é¾„分工â€ï¼Œå³ä¸åŒæ—¥é¾„的工蜂在蜂群ä¸åšä¸åŒçš„工作。多年的工作ç»éªŒä½¿é»„智勇知é“,以哺育蜂为代表的内勤蜂与以采集蜂为代表的外勤蜂的生ç†çŠ¶æ€æœ‰å¾ˆå¤§çš„差别,而且这ç§å·®åˆ«å¤šåŠæ˜¯ç”±ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ (JH)æ¥å½±å“或控制的。但是,工蜂ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 究竟是通过巢内的何ç§ä¿¡æ¯æ¥è°ƒæŽ§çš„,长期以æ¥ä¸€ç›´æ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªè°œã€‚借用å‘育生物å¦ä¸Šå¸¸ç”¨çš„方法,将工蜂å•ä¸ªéš”离饲养,å‘现工蜂的ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 和行为å‘育都æå‰å‘育,在七天内æˆä¸ºâ€œé‡‡é›†èœ‚â€ï¼ˆæœ‰é«˜çš„JH浓度,并在蜂群表现采集行为)。åˆé‡‡ç”¨â€œç§»æ¤â€é‡‡é›†èœ‚的方法,å‘现在“åŒé¾„蜂群â€ï¼ˆç”±åˆšç¾½åŒ–的工蜂与蜂王组æˆçš„,ä¸å¸¦é‡‡é›†èœ‚的蜂群)ä¸5-7天能产生“早熟â€é‡‡é›†èœ‚的现象,å¯ä»¥å› 为外æ¥ç§»æ¤è¿›æ¥çš„采集蜂而å—åˆ°æŠ‘åˆ¶ã€‚æ ¹æ®è¿™äº›å®žéªŒç»“果,黄和Robinson(1992)在PNAS上å‘表一个模型,认为工蜂从哺育蜂到采集蜂的行为å‘育主è¦æ˜¯ç”±èœ‚群内采集蜂与哺育蜂的比例æ¥è°ƒèŠ‚的。采集蜂身上有一ç§â€œæŠ‘åˆ¶ç´ â€ï¼Œèƒ½æŠ‘制别的工蜂体内ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ çš„åˆæˆï¼Œè€Œåœ¨æŠ‘åˆ¶ç´ ç¼ºå¤±æˆ–ä¸å¤Ÿçš„æ¡ä»¶ä¸‹ï¼Œå·¥èœ‚çš„â€œæ¿€åŠ¨ç´ â€ï¼ˆJA)浓度就会自å‘的上å‡ï¼Œä½¿å·¥èœ‚æˆä¸ºé‡‡é›†èœ‚。在ä¸åŒèœ‚群æ¡ä»¶ä¸‹ï¼Œå·¥èœ‚çš„å‘è‚²ä¼šç”±äºŽæŠ‘åˆ¶ç´ çš„å¤šå°‘è€Œå†³å®šå…¶æ˜¯å¦æ£å¸¸ã€æå‰æˆ–延迟å‘育æˆå“ºè‚²èœ‚。其åŽï¼Œé»„智勇åˆç”¨è¯•éªŒéªŒè¯äº†è¿™ä¸ªæ¨¡åž‹çš„主è¦é¢„测,实验结果都与模型符åˆï¼ˆHuangand Robinson,1996)。进一æ¥çš„试验è¯æ˜Žï¼Œâ€œæŠ‘åˆ¶ç´ â€æ˜¯ä¸€ç§éžæŒ¥å‘æ€§çš„ç‰©è´¨ï¼Œå·¥èœ‚ä¹‹é—´çš„ç›´æŽ¥æŽ¥è§¦ä¼ é€’æœ€æœ‰æ•ˆï¼Œè€Œå·¥èœ‚ä¹‹é—´é€šè¿‡ç›¸äº’é¥²å–‚ä¹Ÿèƒ½ä¼ é€’éƒ¨åˆ†ä¿¡æ¯ï¼ˆHuang et al,1998ï¼‰ã€‚æœ€è¿‘ï¼ŒæŠ‘åˆ¶ç´ çš„åŒ–å¦æˆä»½ç»ˆäºŽè¢«é‰´å®šå‡ºæ¥ä¸ºæ²¹é…¸ä¹™é…¯ï¼ˆethyl oleate)。试验表明,油酸乙酯在采集蜂的蜜囊ä¸æ¯”哺育蜂ä¸é«˜å¾ˆå¤šå€ï¼Œäººä¸ºç»™å·¥èœ‚喂食油酸乙酯能延迟它们的采集日龄(Leonciniet al, 2004)。在昆虫ä¸ï¼Œã€€å·²é‰´å®šå‡ºåˆ†å结构的触å‘(releaser)å¤–æ¿€ç´ å·²ä¸Šåƒç§ï¼Œè€Œå¯åŠ¨ï¼ˆprimerï¼‰å¤–æ¿€ç´ åˆ™æ˜¯æ‰€æœ‰åŠ¨ç‰©ä¸çš„第四个.
ä»¥ä¸Šç ”ç©¶ç»“æžœå‘表在PNAS(1992,89:11726-11729; 2004,101:17561-17564),Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology (1996, 39:147-158)å’ŒJournal of comparative Physiology B (1998, 183:143-152)上。其ä¸ï¼Œ1992å¹´çš„PNASæ–‡ç« åœ¨å¦æœ¯ç•Œå¼•èµ·å¾ˆå¤§åå“,J. Alcock的“动物行为â€æ•™æä¸å¼•ç”¨äº†1992å¹´çš„æ–‡ç« ã€‚ åŒæ—¶å¼•èµ·ç¤¾ä¼šæ˜†è™«å¦ä¸å¾ˆå¤šæ–°çš„ç ”ç©¶ï¼ˆå¦‚ç”µè„‘æ¨¡åž‹çš„æ¨¡æ‹Ÿï¼Œæ–°æ¨¡åž‹çš„å»ºç«‹ç‰ï¼‰ï¼Œå¼•ç”¨æ¬¡æ•°è¶…过500次。2004å¹´çš„PNASæ–‡ç« ä½œä¸ºå°é¢æ•…事å‘表, 被认为是社会昆虫å¦é¢†åŸŸçš„é‡è¦å‘现.
2.开展了ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 在蜜蜂社会分工ä¸çš„功能分æž
蜜蜂工蜂的行为å‘育是由血淋巴ä¸çš„ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ (JH)的浓度决定的。哺育蜂的JH浓度低,采集蜂的JHæµ“åº¦é«˜ï¼Œå› æ¤ï¼Œé»„智勇通过开展JH在蜜蜂的社会分工ä¸çš„åŠŸèƒ½ç ”ç©¶ï¼Œå–得如下æˆæžœï¼š
2.1. å‘现ä¿å¹¼æ¿€çš„åˆæˆçŽ‡çš„å˜åŒ–是改å˜JH浓度 的主è¦åŽŸå›
以å‰çŸ¥é“JH浓度的改å˜å¯ä»¥å½±å“行为的改å˜ï¼Œä½†æ˜¯è¡€æ·‹å·´ä¸çš„浓度å¯èƒ½æ˜¯ç”±äºŽåˆæˆã€é™è§£æˆ–排泄ç‰åŽŸå› 而转å˜ã€‚黄智勇将别的昆虫ä¸å¸¸ç”¨çš„“放射化å¦â€æ³•ç¬¬ä¸€æ¬¡ç”¨äºŽèœœèœ‚身上,è¯æ˜Žèœœèœ‚ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ çš„åˆæˆçŽ‡çš„高低与行为å‘育的程度æˆæ£ç›¸å…³ã€‚ç ”ç©¶ç»“æžœå‘表在J.Insect Physiology (1991, 37:733-741)上。æ¤æ–‡ä¹ŸåŒæ—¶å¥ 定了以åŽç”¨æ”¾å°„化å¦æ³•æµ‹å®šèœœèœ‚JH生物åˆæˆçš„基础。
2.2. 明确了工蜂在ä¸å—蜂王和幼虫抑制时ç¹æ®–的生ç†æœºç†
蜜蜂的工蜂在æ£å¸¸æƒ…况下åµå·¢ä¸å‘è‚²ï¼Œå› ä¸ºå—到蜂王和幼虫的抑制。当蜂王和幼虫ä¸å˜åœ¨æ—¶ï¼Œå·¥èœ‚åµå·¢å¼€å§‹å‘育,还å¯ä»¥äº§åµæˆä¸ºé›„蜂。工蜂ç¹æ®–的生ç†æœºç†å¹¶ä¸æ¸…æ¥šã€‚é»„æ™ºå‹‡ç ”ç©¶è¯æ˜Žï¼Œäº§åµå·¥èœ‚的血淋巴ä¸JH比采集蜂低,åŒæ—¶ï¼ŒJHçš„åˆæˆçŽ‡ä¹Ÿä½Žã€‚ç»ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 处ç†è¿‡çš„工蜂åµå·¢å‘育也å—åˆ°æŠ‘åˆ¶ã€‚æ–‡ç« å‘表在Generaland Comparative Endocrinology上(1992, 87:471-480)。
2.3. 弄清了åŒé¾„工蜂ä¸ç¤¾ä¼šåˆ†å·¥çš„生ç†æœºåˆ¶
èœœèœ‚å·¥èœ‚é™¤äº†å› ä¸ºè¡Œä¸ºå‘育形æˆçš„年龄分工外,åŒæ ·å¹´é¾„的工蜂ä¸ä¹Ÿæœ‰åˆ†å·¥çŽ°è±¡ï¼Œä¾‹å¦‚,ä¸ç‰å¹´é¾„的工蜂ä¸æœ‰å®ˆå«èœ‚ã€æ¸…尸蜂ã€æ³Œèœ¡èœ‚或储蜜蜂,而这些蜜蜂通过什么机制能够使它们虽然年龄相åŒï¼Œä½†æ˜¯åˆ†å·¥ä¸åŒå‘¢ï¼Ÿç ”究å‘现,守å«èœ‚和清尸蜂的JH浓度或åˆæˆçŽ‡éƒ½é«˜ï¼ˆä¸Žé‡‡é›†èœ‚类似),而泌蜡蜂和储蜜蜂虽åŒæ ·æ—¥é¾„,å…¶JH浓度或åˆæˆçŽ‡å´éƒ½ä½Žã€‚在年幼的工蜂ä¸ï¼Œå·¥èœ‚哺育蜂与蜂王哺育的JH相åŒï¼Œéƒ½ä½Žï¼Œè€Œé‡‡é›†èœ‚ä¸çš„采粉蜂ã€é‡‡èœœèœ‚ã€é‡‡æ°´èœ‚çš„JH也相åŒï¼Œéƒ½é«˜ã€‚这组实验首次é˜æ˜ŽJH在åŒé¾„蜂ä¸ï¼Œå°¤å…¶æ˜¯ä¸ç‰å¹´é¾„的蜂ä¸ï¼Œå¯¹å…¶ç¤¾ä¼šåˆ†å·¥èµ·è°ƒæŽ§ä½œç”¨ã€‚è¿™ä¸ªç ”ç©¶åŒæ˜¯ä¹Ÿæ˜¯é»„智勇第一次用高特异性的抗体,用”放射å…ç–«â€æ³•æµ‹å®šèœœèœ‚çš„JH。æ¤æ–¹æ³•çŽ°åœ¨å·²æˆä¸ºæ–‡æµ‹å®šèœœèœ‚JHæµ“åº¦çš„æ ‡å‡†æ–¹æ³•ã€‚ç ”ç©¶ç»“æžœå‘表在Journalof Comparative Physiology上 (1994, 174:731-739).
2.4.å‘现工蜂ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ éšå£èŠ‚和蜂群æ¡ä»¶è€Œå˜åŒ–
人为地调节ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ (JH)的浓度,å¯ä»¥å½±å“工蜂行为å‘育的速度。但是,在æ£å¸¸èœ‚群ä¸å·¥èœ‚çš„JH浓度是å¦éšå…¶å®ƒæ¡ä»¶ï¼Œå¦‚å£èŠ‚ã€èœ‚群æ¡ä»¶è€Œå˜åŒ–呢?实验表明,秋天采集蜂åœæ¢é‡‡é›†åŽï¼Œéšç€æ°”温é™ä½Žï¼Œé‡‡é›†èœ‚和幼蜂的JH浓度和åˆæˆçŽ‡éƒ½ä¼šé™ä½Žã€‚人为的将蜂群在å¤å¤©çš„时候移到冷冻仓,JH在第8天时也有显著é™ä½Žï¼›è¯´æ˜Žèœœèœ‚å¯èƒ½æ˜¯æ ¹æ®æ¸©åº¦ï¼Œè€Œä¸æ˜¯æ ¹æ®å…‰ç…§å‘¨æœŸï¼Œæ¥è°ƒèŠ‚JH。春天时工蜂的JHåˆä¸Šå‡ï¼Œæœ€åŽæˆä¸ºé‡‡é›†èœ‚ã€‚ç ”ç©¶å‘现,蜂群æ¡ä»¶çš„改å˜ä¹Ÿèƒ½è°ƒèŠ‚JH的浓度。在åŒé¾„蜂群ä¸ï¼ˆæ‰€æœ‰å·¥èœ‚åŒä¸€å¤©ç¾½åŒ–,singlecohortcolony),在工蜂没有æˆä¸ºæ—©ç†Ÿé‡‡é›†èœ‚之å‰ï¼ŒJH的浓度有显著æ高。å¦å¤–,在蜂群拥挤的情况下(蜂群分蜂的先决æ¡ä»¶ï¼‰ï¼ŒJH浓度的上å‡æœ‰æ‰€å»¶ç¼“,从而使将è¦åˆ†èœ‚的工蜂延迟å‘育,使分蜂群ä¸çš„工蜂在生ç†ä¸Šæ¯”较年轻,从而适应新分蜂群ä¸å·¥èœ‚需è¦è¾ƒé•¿æ—¶é—´å“ºè‚²å¹¼èœ‚的情况。
ä»¥ä¸Šç ”ç©¶ç»“æžœåˆ†åˆ«å‘表在Journal of Comparative Physiology B(1995, 165:18-28) , Journal of Insect Physiology (2000, 46:243-249) å’ŒJournal ofEconomic Entomology (2005, 98:274-278)上。
2.5. 明确了ä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ 浓度与振幼舞åŠå‡¶çŒ›ç¨‹åº¦çš„关系
如å‰æ‰€è¿°ï¼Œä¿å¹¼æ¿€ç´ (JH)å¯ä»¥å—å¾ˆå¤šå› ç´ çš„å½±å“而产生å˜åŒ–。工蜂有一ç§æŒ¯å¹¼èˆžï¼ˆvibrational dance),主è¦æ˜¯èµ·å·å¬ä½œç”¨ï¼Œå³è®©è¢«æŒ¯åŠ¨çš„å·¥èœ‚å¢žåŠ å·¥ä½œé‡ï¼Œä¸»è¦åœ¨ä¹…雨未晴åŽå½“天气å˜å¥½æ—¶ï¼Œæˆ–者是在分群飞行å‰ï¼Œæ¤è¡Œä¸ºå¤§é‡å¢žåŠ 。黄智勇设想这个舞å¯èƒ½èƒ½å¤Ÿå¿«é€Ÿåœ°ä½¿JHæµ“åº¦å¢žåŠ ï¼Œä»Žè€Œå¢žåŠ å·¥èœ‚çš„æ´»åŠ¨ç¨‹åº¦ã€‚äº‹å®žè¯æ˜Žé»„智勇的å‡è¯´æ˜¯æ£ç¡®çš„,工蜂被振动以åŽçš„15-30分钟内,JH浓度比对照蜂(在5-30分钟内没有被振动)显著æ高。黄智勇还推测JHçš„æ高å¯èƒ½ä¸Žå·¥èœ‚çš„å‡¶çŒ›ç¨‹åº¦ç›¸å…³ã€‚ç ”ç©¶å‘现,冬å£èœ‚å’Œå¤å£çš„哺育蜂,两者都具有低的JH浓度,åŒæ—¶å¯¹å¤–æ¥èœ‚的抵抗行为表现率也低。å¤å£åœ¨åŒä¸€èœ‚群ä¸ï¼Œå¯¹å¤–æ¥èœ‚表现凶猛的蜂,其JH浓度也比éžå‡¶çŒ›çš„蜂è¦é«˜ã€‚å› æ¤ï¼ŒJH与蜂的凶猛程度有æ£ç›¸å…³.ç ”ç©¶ç»“æžœå‘表在J. Insect Physiology (2001, 47:1243-1247)å’ŒEthology(2004,110:977-985)上。
ä»¥ä¸Šç ”ç©¶ç»“æžœé˜æ˜Žäº†JH浓度æé«˜çš„åŽŸå› å’ŒåŽæžœï¼Œå¯¹äº†è§£èœœèœ‚的社会行为起了é‡å¤§çš„作用。
3. å¼€å±•äº†è½¬åŸºå› æ¤ç‰©èŠ±ç²‰å¯¹èœœèœ‚åŠå…¶å®³è™«çš„å½±å“ç ”ç©¶
è½¬åŸºå› æ¤ç‰©åœ¨å…¨ä¸–界的ç§æ¤èŒƒå›´è¶Šæ¥è¶Šå¤§ï¼Œä½†æ˜¯å¤§éƒ¨åˆ†å¯¹èœœèœ‚这一é‡è¦ç›Šè™«æ•ˆæžœçš„评估仅局é™åœ¨å®žéªŒå®¤å†…用蛋白质进行测定。黄智勇认为,由于æ’å…¥åŸºå› å¯èƒ½æœ‰å¤šé‡æ•ˆåº”,或是ä¸åŒå‰ªæŽ¥ï¼ˆAlterativesplicing),或是寄主åŠæ’å…¥åŸºå› çš„ç›¸äº’ä½œç”¨ï¼Œå› æ¤ç›´æŽ¥ç”¨èŠ±ç²‰æ¥æµ‹å®šè½¬åŸºå› æ¤ç‰©å¯¹èœœèœ‚çš„å½±å“å¯èƒ½ç»“果更å¯é ã€‚é»„æ™ºå‹‡æµ‹å®šäº†è½¬åŸºå› çŽ‰ç±³ï¼ˆCry1A(b),Cry1Fï¼‰èŠ±ç²‰å’Œè½¬åŸºå› ï¼ˆæŠ—é™¤è‰å‰‚)油èœï¼ˆcanola)对蜜蜂的影å“,实验è¯æ˜Žï¼Œåœ¨ç”°é—´å®žéªŒä¸ï¼Œè½¬åŸºå› 玉米花粉对蜜蜂的幼虫和蛹的å˜æ´»çŽ‡ã€è›¹é‡ã€ä»¥åŠæ–°ç¾½åŒ–èœ‚çš„è¡€æ·‹å·´è›‹ç™½æµ“åº¦éƒ½æ— æ˜¾è‘—å‰¯ä½œç”¨ã€‚ç›¸å,Cry1F花粉对一ç§èœœèœ‚害虫大蜡螟å´æœ‰å¾ˆå¥½çš„防治作用(æ€æ»çŽ‡100%)。在两年的田间实验ä¸ï¼Œé»„智勇没有å‘çŽ°è½¬åŸºå› æ²¹èœèŠ±ç²‰å¯¹èœœèœ‚的幼虫å˜æ´»çŽ‡ã€è›¹å˜æ´»çŽ‡ã€è›¹é‡ï¼ŒåŠæ–°ç¾½åŒ–蜂的血淋巴蛋白浓度ç‰æœ‰å‰¯ä½œç”¨ã€‚这些实验æ出一个新的评估模å¼ï¼Œå°†å½±å“以åŽå¯¹è½¬åŸºå› æ¤ç‰©çš„æ›´å…¨é¢çš„è¯„ä¼°ã€‚ç ”ç©¶ç»“æžœå‘表在J.Apicultural Research (2003, 42:77-78)å’ŒJ. Economic Entomology(2004, 97:1517-1523)上。
4. 大蜂螨对除虫èŠè„‚的抗è¯æ€§æœºåˆ¶,在ä¸å›½çš„分å分类,åŠå…¶é˜²æ²»çš„ç ”ç©¶
大蜂螨是公认的ã€ä¸–界性的ã€èœœèœ‚ä¸Šæœ€å¤§çš„å®³è™«ã€‚å¤§èœ‚èž¨è¿‘å‡ å¹´å¯¹è‡ª1991年开始使用的一ç§é™¤è™«èŠè„‚(fluvalinate,氟胺氰èŠè„‚)产生抗性,但其抗性机制ä¸æ¸…æ¥šã€‚å› ä¸ºæ‰€æœ‰é™¤è™«èŠè„‚ç±»è¯ç‰©çš„é¶æ ‡éƒ½æ˜¯é’ 离å通é“ï¼Œé»„æ™ºå‹‡è®¾æƒ³èœ‚èž¨çš„æŠ—æ€§æ˜¯ç”±äºŽé’ ç¦»å通é“çš„åŸºå› æ”¹å˜ï¼Œä»Žè€Œæ”¹å˜é’ 离å通é“蛋白与除虫èŠè„‚的结åˆæ€§è€Œäº§ç”Ÿçš„ã€‚é€šè¿‡é•¿æ—¶é—´çš„åŠªåŠ›ï¼Œè‘£æŸ¯å’Œé»„æ™ºå‹‡çš„ç ”ç©¶å°ç»„åˆä½œé¦–次将蛛形纲动物(Arachnid)ä¸é’ 离å通é“çš„å…¨åŸºå› å…‹éš†å¹¶æµ‹åºã€‚èœ‚èž¨çš„é’ ç¦»å通é“(VmNa)cDNA有6645个碱基,2215个氨基酸,推算出的氨基酸åºåˆ—与果è‡çš„相似度为51%,与哺乳动物的Nav1.6åŸºå› çš„ç›¸ä¼¼åº¦ä¸º41%。她们å‘现,有四个çªå˜å¯èƒ½ä¸Žèœ‚螨的抗è¯æ€§æœ‰å…³ï¼Œå³F758L,L826P,I982Vå’ŒM1055I(æ•°å—为氨基酸ä½ç½®, 第一个å—æ¯ä¸ºåŽŸæ°¨åŸºé…¸, åŽä¸€ä¸ªå—æ¯ä¸ºçªå˜åŽçš„氨基酸)。ç»è¿‡å¤šå¹´çš„艰苦努力, æœ€è¿‘ç»ˆäºŽå°†èœ‚èž¨çš„é’ ç¦»å通é“åŸºå› åœ¨è›™åµ(zenopus)ä¸è¡¨è¾¾å‡ºæ¥ï¼Œä»Žè€Œä¸ºæ›´è¿›ä¸€æ¥åœ¨ä½“外测定其è¯ç†ç‰¹æ€§æ‰“下了基础。结果å‘表在J.Apicultural Research (2002, 40:17-25)å’ŒInsect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (2003, 33: 733-739)上。
与国内(周婷,黄åŒä¿®ï¼‰ã€æ¾³å¤§åˆ©äºšç§‘å¦å®¶ï¼ˆDenis Anderson)一起åˆä½œï¼Œè¿ç”¨çº¿ç²’体DNA分åæ ‡è®°å¯¹å¤§èœ‚èž¨è¿›è¡Œäº†åˆ†ç±»å¦ç ”究,首次探明了在ä¸å›½è¥¿æ–¹èœœèœ‚和东方蜜蜂上的大蜂螨å‡ä¸ºæ•Œæ–¯å¤§èœ‚螨( Varroa destructor),而普é以为å±å®³æ–¹èœœèœ‚çš„é›…æ°å¤§èœ‚螨( Varroa jacobsoni), åè€Œæ ¹æœ¬ä¸å˜åœ¨ï¼Žå¥¹ä»¬è¿˜å‘现一ç§æ–°çš„åŸºå› åž‹ï¼Œå®šå为China2. 这些结果为国内以åŽå¼€å±•å¤§èœ‚èž¨çš„é˜²æ²»å’Œæ£€ç–«å¥ å®šäº†è‰¯å¥½çš„åŸºç¡€ã€‚ç»“æžœå‘表在Apidologie(2004, 35: 645-654)上。
很久以æ¥ï¼Œå¤§å®¶éƒ½çŸ¥é“大蜂螨更喜欢雄蜂蜂å,其对雄蜂å的喜好度与对工蜂å的喜好度约为10:1.很多养蜂员都将雄蜂脾放进蜂箱,ç‰å°ç›–åŽæ‹¿å‡ºï¼Œæ”¾åœ¨å†»ç®±ä¸å°†é›„蜂ååŠå…¶ä¸Šçš„大蜂螨æ€æ»ï¼Žé»„智勇于2002å¹´å‘明一ç§æ€å¤§èœ‚螨的器械,已获得美国专利(专利å·#6,475,061)。最近已有公å¸è´ä¹°ä¸“åˆ©çš„åˆ¶é€ æƒã€‚结果å‘表在AmericanBee Journal (2001, 141: 730-732)上。
5. 蜜蜂性ç‰ä½åŸºå› 的进化生æ€å¦ç ”究
蜜蜂的性别是由一ç§â€œäº’补性决定â€ï¼ˆComplementary sex determinative,csd)的机制æ¥å†³å®šçš„。åŒå€ä½“çš„æ‚åˆåæˆä¸ºé›Œæ€§çš„,而å•å€ä½“æˆä¸ºé›„性。但是,当性ç‰ä½åŸºå› 是纯åˆå时,åŒå€ä½“ä»å‘育æˆä¸ºé›„性。而在æ£å¸¸èœ‚群ä¸ï¼ŒåŒå€ä½“的雄性会被工蜂åƒæŽ‰ã€‚å› æ¤ï¼Œä½¿å·¥èœ‚æˆä¸ºæ‚åˆå的选择压力很大。一百多年æ¥ï¼Œè¿™ä¸ªç†è®ºä¸€ç›´æ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªå‡è¯´è€Œå·²ï¼Žç›´åˆ°æœ€è¿‘,csdçš„åŸºå› æ‰è¢«æµ‹åºï¼Œå¹¶æœ€ç»ˆè¯æ˜Žä¸ºå†³å®šæ€§åˆ«çš„åŸºå› ï¼ˆBeye et al, 2003)。由于强大的选择压力, csd应会表现出高度的ç§å†…多æ€æ€§(intraspecificpolymorphism),其ç‰ä½åŸºå› 的年龄å¯èƒ½æ¯”ç§çš„年龄更è€ã€‚黄åŠåˆä½œè€…å°†3ç§èœœèœ‚(西方蜜蜂,东方蜜蜂,大蜜蜂)的csdå’Œéšæœºé€‰æ‹©çš„ä¸æ€§åŸºå› åŒºçš„åŸºå› åºåˆ—进行对比,å‘现:⑴. csd的多æ€æ€§æ¯”ä¸æ€§åŸºå› 的多æ€æ€§çº¦é«˜ä¸ƒå€å·¦å³ï¼›â‘µ. åŸºå› å®¶è°±åˆ†æžå‘现,csd有ç§å†…多æ€æ€§ï¼Œè€Œä¸æ€§åŸºå› 没有;⑶. 与低频ç‰ä½åŸºå› 优势(rareallele advantage)的预计相符,éžåŒä¹‰çªå˜ï¼ˆnon-synonymous mutation)在刚出现时是å—到æ£é€‰æ‹©åŽ‹åŠ›çš„。⑷.å‘现在3ç§ä¸åŒçš„蜜蜂ä¸ï¼Œæ¯ä¸ªç§éƒ½æœ‰è‡ªå·±çš„高å˜ï¼ˆhyper-variable)é‡å¤åŒºåŸŸï¼ŒæŽ¨æµ‹æ¯ä¸ªç§æœ‰è‡ªå·±ä¸åŒçš„ã€å†³å®šæ€§ç‰ä½åŸºå› ç‰¹å¼‚æ€§çš„æœºåˆ¶ã€‚ç ”ç©¶è®ºæ–‡åœ¨2006å¹´èœœèœ‚åŸºå› ç»„çš„ä¸“åˆŠä¸Šä¸€èµ·å‘表(Genome Research 16 : 1366-1375)